LEGAL-BERT：李尔泰的角色从法学院直出来的木偶

LEGAL-BERT是用于法律领域的BERT模型系列，旨在辅助法律NLP研究、计算法律和法律技术应用。为了预训练LEGAL-BERT的不同变种，我们从公开可用资源中收集了12GB的多样化英文法律文本，其中包括各个领域（如立法、法庭案例、合同）的内容。子域变体（CONTRACTS，EURLEX，ECHR）和/或在特定领域任务中，与直接使用BERT相比，通用LEGAL-BERT表现更好。这是在ECHR案例上预训练的子域变体。

I. Chalkidis，M. Fergadiotis，P. Malakasiotis，N. Aletras和I. Androutsopoulos的“LEGAL-BERT：李尔泰的角色从法学院直出来的木偶”。在2020年成果方法在自然语言处理中（EMNLP2020）的发现（简短论文）中，将在线举行。（ https://aclanthology.org/2020.findings-emnlp.261 ）

预训练语料库

LEGAL-BERT的预训练语料库包括：

来自EURLEX（ http://eur-lex.europa.eu ）的欧盟立法116,062份文件，可从欧盟出版办公室下运行的欧盟法仓库中公开获取。
来自英国立法门户网站（ http://www.legislation.gov.uk ）的61,826份英国立法文件，可公开获取。
来自欧洲法院（ECJ）的19,867件案例，也可从EURLEX获取。
来自欧洲人权法院（ECHR）（ http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng ）归档的12,554个案例。
来自美国各个法院的164,141个案例，托管在Case Law Access Project门户网站中（ https://case.law ）。
来自美国证券交易委员会（SECOM）的76,366个美国合同，存储在EDGAR数据库中（ https://www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml ）。

预训练细节

使用Google BERT的官方代码进行BERT训练（ https://github.com/google-research/bert ）。
发布了一个类似于英文BERT-BASE模型的模型（12层，768隐藏层，12头部，110M参数）。
我们选择遵循相同的训练设置：100万个训练步骤，每批256个长度为512的序列，初始学习速率为1e-4。
我们能够使用来自 TensorFlow Research Cloud (TFRC) 的单个Google Cloud TPU v3-8免费提供，同时也利用 GCP research credits 。非常感谢这两个谷歌计划对我们的支持！

模型列表

Model name	Model Path	Training corpora
CONTRACTS-BERT-BASE	nlpaueb/bert-base-uncased-contracts	US contracts
EURLEX-BERT-BASE	nlpaueb/bert-base-uncased-eurlex	EU legislation
ECHR-BERT-BASE	nlpaueb/bert-base-uncased-echr	ECHR cases
LEGAL-BERT-BASE *	nlpaueb/legal-bert-base-uncased	All
LEGAL-BERT-SMALL	nlpaueb/legal-bert-small-uncased	All

* LEGAL-BERT-BASE是指Chalkidis等人（2020）论文中所称的LEGAL-BERT-SC的模型；这个模型是在下面提到的法律语料库中使用基于句子片段的令牌化器训练的新创建的词汇表进行训练而得到的。

**由于很多人对LEGAL-BERT-FP模型（依赖于原始BERT-BASE检查点的模型）表示了兴趣，它们已在Archive.org上发布（ https://archive.org/details/legal_bert_fp ），因为这些模型是次要的，可能只对那些想深入研究Chalkidis等人（2020）文章中的开放问题的人感兴趣。

加载预训练模型

from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("nlpaueb/bert-base-uncased-echr")
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("nlpaueb/bert-base-uncased-echr")

用LEGAL-BERT变体作为语言模型

Corpus	Model	Masked token	Predictions
BERT-BASE-UNCASED
(Contracts)	This [MASK] Agreement is between General Motors and John Murray .	employment	('new', '0.09'), ('current', '0.04'), ('proposed', '0.03'), ('marketing', '0.03'), ('joint', '0.02')
(ECHR)	The applicant submitted that her husband was subjected to treatment amounting to [MASK] whilst in the custody of Adana Security Directorate	torture	('torture', '0.32'), ('rape', '0.22'), ('abuse', '0.14'), ('death', '0.04'), ('violence', '0.03')
(EURLEX)	Establishing a system for the identification and registration of [MASK] animals and regarding the labelling of beef and beef products .	bovine	('farm', '0.25'), ('livestock', '0.08'), ('draft', '0.06'), ('domestic', '0.05'), ('wild', '0.05')
CONTRACTS-BERT-BASE
(Contracts)	This [MASK] Agreement is between General Motors and John Murray .	employment	('letter', '0.38'), ('dealer', '0.04'), ('employment', '0.03'), ('award', '0.03'), ('contribution', '0.02')
(ECHR)	The applicant submitted that her husband was subjected to treatment amounting to [MASK] whilst in the custody of Adana Security Directorate	torture	('death', '0.39'), ('imprisonment', '0.07'), ('contempt', '0.05'), ('being', '0.03'), ('crime', '0.02')
(EURLEX)	Establishing a system for the identification and registration of [MASK] animals and regarding the labelling of beef and beef products .	bovine	(('domestic', '0.18'), ('laboratory', '0.07'), ('household', '0.06'), ('personal', '0.06'), ('the', '0.04')
EURLEX-BERT-BASE
(Contracts)	This [MASK] Agreement is between General Motors and John Murray .	employment	('supply', '0.11'), ('cooperation', '0.08'), ('service', '0.07'), ('licence', '0.07'), ('distribution', '0.05')
(ECHR)	The applicant submitted that her husband was subjected to treatment amounting to [MASK] whilst in the custody of Adana Security Directorate	torture	('torture', '0.66'), ('death', '0.07'), ('imprisonment', '0.07'), ('murder', '0.04'), ('rape', '0.02')
(EURLEX)	Establishing a system for the identification and registration of [MASK] animals and regarding the labelling of beef and beef products .	bovine	('live', '0.43'), ('pet', '0.28'), ('certain', '0.05'), ('fur', '0.03'), ('the', '0.02')
ECHR-BERT-BASE
(Contracts)	This [MASK] Agreement is between General Motors and John Murray .	employment	('second', '0.24'), ('latter', '0.10'), ('draft', '0.05'), ('bilateral', '0.05'), ('arbitration', '0.04')
(ECHR)	The applicant submitted that her husband was subjected to treatment amounting to [MASK] whilst in the custody of Adana Security Directorate	torture	('torture', '0.99'), ('death', '0.01'), ('inhuman', '0.00'), ('beating', '0.00'), ('rape', '0.00')
(EURLEX)	Establishing a system for the identification and registration of [MASK] animals and regarding the labelling of beef and beef products .	bovine	('pet', '0.17'), ('all', '0.12'), ('slaughtered', '0.10'), ('domestic', '0.07'), ('individual', '0.05')
LEGAL-BERT-BASE
(Contracts)	This [MASK] Agreement is between General Motors and John Murray .	employment	('settlement', '0.26'), ('letter', '0.23'), ('dealer', '0.04'), ('master', '0.02'), ('supplemental', '0.02')
(ECHR)	The applicant submitted that her husband was subjected to treatment amounting to [MASK] whilst in the custody of Adana Security Directorate	torture	('torture', '1.00'), ('detention', '0.00'), ('arrest', '0.00'), ('rape', '0.00'), ('death', '0.00')
(EURLEX)	Establishing a system for the identification and registration of [MASK] animals and regarding the labelling of beef and beef products .	bovine	('live', '0.67'), ('beef', '0.17'), ('farm', '0.03'), ('pet', '0.02'), ('dairy', '0.01')
LEGAL-BERT-SMALL
(Contracts)	This [MASK] Agreement is between General Motors and John Murray .	employment	('license', '0.09'), ('transition', '0.08'), ('settlement', '0.04'), ('consent', '0.03'), ('letter', '0.03')
(ECHR)	The applicant submitted that her husband was subjected to treatment amounting to [MASK] whilst in the custody of Adana Security Directorate	torture	('torture', '0.59'), ('pain', '0.05'), ('ptsd', '0.05'), ('death', '0.02'), ('tuberculosis', '0.02')
(EURLEX)	Establishing a system for the identification and registration of [MASK] animals and regarding the labelling of beef and beef products .	bovine	('all', '0.08'), ('live', '0.07'), ('certain', '0.07'), ('the', '0.07'), ('farm', '0.05')

在下游任务上进行评估

请考虑文章"LEGAL-BERT：李尔泰的角色从法学院直出来的木偶"。Chalkidis等人，2020年，（ https://aclanthology.org/2020.findings-emnlp.261 ）

作者-出版物

@inproceedings{chalkidis-etal-2020-legal,
    title = "{LEGAL}-{BERT}: The Muppets straight out of Law School",
    author = "Chalkidis, Ilias  and
      Fergadiotis, Manos  and
      Malakasiotis, Prodromos  and
      Aletras, Nikolaos  and
      Androutsopoulos, Ion",
    booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2020",
    month = nov,
    year = "2020",
    address = "Online",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2020.findings-emnlp.261",
    pages = "2898--2904"
}

关于我们

AUEB's Natural Language Processing Group 发展算法，模型和系统，使计算机能够处理和生成自然语言文本。

该团队目前的研究兴趣包括：

用于数据库、本体论、文档集合和Web的问答系统，特别是生物医学问答
从数据库和本体生成自然语言，特别是语义Web本体论，文本分类，包括过滤垃圾邮件和滥用内容
信息抽取和意见挖掘，包括法律文本分析和情感分析
用于希腊语的自然语言处理工具，例如解析器和命名实体识别器，自然语言处理中的机器学习，特别是深度学习。

该团队隶属于希腊经济与商业雅典经济学与商务学院信息处理实验室。

Ilias Chalkidis 代表 AUEB's Natural Language Processing Group

| Github： @ilias.chalkidis | Twitter： @KiddoThe2B |

作者:

AUEB NLP Group

数据集大小:

1.32 GB